In the 15 years I have practiced obstetrics, I have been the surgical assistant on hundreds of cesarean deliveries that seemed to me, at the time, to be unnecessary, and I’ve been the surgeon of record for a handful of unnecessary cesarean deliveries myself. I know firsthand how difficult it is for physicians, nurses, policy makers, and administrators, all of whom are well aware that the United States has a cesarean epidemic, to wrestle with it.